American universities, especially public ones, have been experiencing increased pressure to provide skill-specific, career-ready degrees. Rigorous majors such as engineering or nursing often plunge students right into a set academic plan, leaving little time for students to explore other courses. A classic liberal arts education, in contrast, offers a wide range of understanding interdisciplinary classes. The overarching message is "never stop learning".
Featured Expert:
Trudi Hays is a former homeschooling mom who has worked in a variety of disciplines. She has two children, one a junior at UVA and the other a junior in high school. After graduating from a liberal arts college, she worked as a receptionist on Capitol Hill for two years, then I went
to law school. She took positions as a legislative assistant for a Virginia delegate, a
lawyer at a law firm, an assistant prosecutor, and a
lawyer at the criminal position for the Department of Justice. Hays discovered that there is always more to learn, dedicating herself to being a lifelong learner.
When she finally became a mother, she stopped working. She said, "My friends couldn't believe that I walked away from it." However through homeschooling she entered a new stage of learning alongside her kids. "My husband and I knew some people who were
homeschooling, and we thought it seemed like a neat way to learn from your
children. It was a combination of wanting to be more involved in the education of our children
and not wanting them to be in the public school setting." They started their oldest daughter in a Christian private school, but decided to homeschool her after they moved and couldn't find a comparable private school. Hays' firstborn was homeschooled until her last year of high school, and her younger daughter studied at home until she enrolled in a private Christian school in 8
th grade.
Although her children often worked on their own with books, Hays loved getting another chance to further her education and relearn "things that [she’d] forgotten along the way." She was impressed at what her kids could remember and enjoyed seeing their perspectives. Sometimes she said to herself, "Oh, she’s got
a test tomorrow. I’ve got to stay up and learn it." Homeschooling spurred her to learn more, "purely for the fun of it."
Hays lived more than half of her life overseas, since her father was in the military. Over the years she traversed the globe, visiting Spain, France, Germany, Austria, Yugoslavia, Italy, Russia, Bulgaria, Turkey, Lebanon, Syria, Iran, England, Scotland, China, Japan, Tanzania and Ethiopia. Her travels revealed a world of contrasts and unique perspectives. She said, "You realize that we don’t own the market on knowledge or culture. If you get all excited about Williamsburg being old, you realize the pyramids are a lot older. It gives you a perspective. When you see the poverty of Africa or realize that people in England were bombed during the war - how could that be? How could you survive that?"
Hays' thirst for learning extends to everyday interactions as well. She said, "On a bus even, I reach out to people from other countries." As a volunteer driver at the metro station carpool line, her goal is to learn something new every day. Lately she has listened to lectures about the creation of Bangladesh and Pakistan and the sheikh people group on her morning drives. Hays has found that most people are eager to learn and eager to share.
Through her own education and raising her daughters, Hays discovered the value of a liberal arts education. "I chose a liberal arts college; they did not offer any of the extensive programs they offer now. Four years were required." She studied the mandatory English, math and science, and took every opportunity to study new subjects, even if they were unrelated to her major or future career. She explained, "I knew this might be the last chance." Her classes included Latin, philosophy, geology, biology, economics, art history, the history of music. One class prompted her to write a biography on her father. She was profoundly affected by the research process that included traveling back to his hometown, looking through newspapers, and conducting personal interviews. She said, "I wanted to make that mandatory for homeschoolers. It is such a powerful thing." She dabbled in it all, and "it was the highlight of [her] life."
College, Hays believes, is "the last time in your life that you’ll ever have time to focus on a diverse smorgasbord of intellectual interest to give you a foundation for the rest of your life." It's also when the brain is the most interested and active, ready to soak up new information. "You might determine that you have an interest you never knew existed." Without exposure to new fields, college students will miss critical opportunities to discover more about the world and themselves. Hays sad, "Yes, architects can get their job. But you have no appreciation of history. Or yes you’re an engineer and you can build bridges, but you can’t have a conversation about Dante."
Her oldest daughter, who is studying civil engineering at the University of Virginia, loves her classes but has no time in her schedule to dabble in her other interests. According to Hays, the university offers very limited choices and a prescribed, rigid engineering degree plan. Hays wishes she had let her take community college classes and explore her interests before starting to work on her degree.
"Because of the cost of college, people need to maximize it. People need to get out in the least amount of time and debt, and get a job. Get a skill that is immediately marketable. A liberal arts education is not originally focused on a skill." Private schools like Wheaton College have more freedom than public schools do and are committed to offering rigorous liberal arts courses for students, regardless of their majors. One student's blog post that appeared on the university's website,
http://www.wheaton.edu/Student-Life/My-Wheaton/2013/10/6-Benefits-of-Liberal-Arts-Education, listed six benefits of liberal arts education taken from the book "On the Purpose of a Liberal Education". In an overview of Wheaton's education methods, the site,
http://www.wheaton.edu/Academics/Liberal-Arts, includes benefits such as highly marketable skills, strong academic credentials, a strong foundation in moral virtue and ethical reasoning, and whole person development.
But, according to Hays, even private schools are starting to offer faster-paced degree programs due to pressure to produce career-ready graduates. The rush to develop career skills in and even before college also translates into the post-graduation workplace. As a consequence of employees working around the clock and burning out, companies like Volkswagen, Goldman Sachs and BMW are discouraging employees from working outside
of their office hours. An NPR article, http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=248307688, said that they are "recognizing that successful employees must be able to escape from work."
Hays remembers lawyers in New York City getting office tours and being offered 24-hour secretarial service. There were also showers in case employees wanted to work all night. She commented, "I think we’ll see a pendulum swing. Creative geniuses need to sleep, need recreation." Efficiency must be balanced with moderation in the workplace and in education. Side effects must be monitored and not ignored. If not, said Hays, "they’ve shot themselves in the foot."